Sol–Gel Auto-combustion Preparation of M2+ = Mg2+, Mn2+, Cd2+ Substituted M0.25Ni0.15Cu0.25Co0.35Fe2O4 Ferrites and Their Characterizations

Cost-effective and controllable synthesis of M0.25Ni0.15Cu0.25Co0.35Fe2O4 (M2+ = Mg2+, Mn2+, Cd2+) ferrites via the sol–gel auto-combustion technique. The impact divalent cations on structural, dielectric, optoelectrical properties was examined by XRD, FTIR, Raman, LCR, UV–Vis, two probe I-V measurement techniques. crystallite size 52.66 nm, minimum specific surface area observed 5.1507 m2/g for Mg2+ doped NCCF ferrite. FTIR Raman analysis also confirmed substitution at their respective lattice sites. maximum energy bandgap 1.67 eV Mg2+-doped ferrite as compared to other ion-doped ferrites. dielectric loss decreased while ac conductivity increased with increasing frequency, values were activation (0.2234 eV). Due incredible including small area, large band gap, high resistivity, have potential applications in different fields.